OUR MIGRANT SOULS

A pensive examination of the many ways there are to be Latinx in America.

Novelist and Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Tobar, the son of Guatemalan immigrants and a native of Los Angeles, begins on a paradoxical note: Whereas terms such as Latino, Latinx, and Hispanic are expressions “that are said to describe our ‘ethnicity’ or ‘common cultural background,’ ” the White majority reduces them to refer to “race,” a parsing that, in practice, always imposes an inferior designation. “Throughout this country’s history,” writes the author, “the lives of people today known as ‘Latino’ have been shaped by the American tradition of creating legal categories applied to the ‘nonwhite.’ ” A fan of pop culture, Tobar likens such terms to words like Vulcan or Wookie, explaining, with a nod to Junot Díaz, that history provides context to movies such as Dune (slavery), X-Men (racist classification), and Star Wars (colonialism). It’s a matter of some irony, he adds, that his hometown is both the most Latinx city in the U.S. and the center of an entertainment industry “that makes billions of dollars telling empire fantasy stories.” To broaden his perspective, Tobar travels widely across the country, finding perhaps unlikely centers of Latinidad in little towns in Pennsylvania and suburbs in Georgia as well as unmistakably Cubano Florida. Even if these enclaves are culturally quite distinct at home, they are reduced to the same non-Whiteness in the U.S., some suspect and some praised as “model” immigrants yet all sharing an “emotional commonality.” On completing his travels, he returned to LA to find that it resembled less a monolithic Latinx capital than “the encampments of dozens of different tribes.” While they share some cultural features, they have all been victimized by capitalism and racism. Tobar’s travels and meditations are altogether provocative and thoroughly well thought through, his account sharply observed and elegantly written.

A powerful look at what it means to be a member of a community that, though large, remains marginalized.